After the war, the population grew rapidly, as did manufacturing, while the city retained its role as a rail hub. The region where Atlanta and its suburbs were built was originally Creek and Cherokee Native American territory. Fulton County was established in 1853 from the western section of DeKalb, and in 1854, a combination Fulton County Court House and Atlanta City Hall was built– which would be razed 30 years later to make way for today's State Capitol building. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Georgia, in General Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That from and after the passage of this act, the name of Marthasville, in DeKalb county, shall be changed to that of Atlanta. [34], The destruction of the housing stock by the Union army, together with the massive influx of refugees, resulted in a severe housing shortage. On the north side of Five Points, Downtown continued as the largest concentration of office space in Metro Atlanta, though it began to compete with Midtown, Buckhead, and the suburbs. Construction created many new jobs, and employment boomed. If not enough seats were available for all white riders, the blacks sitting furthest forward in the trolley were required to stand and give their seats to whites. Since moving to BET for the 2011 season, The Game - as of January 2012[update] the highest rated ad-supported sitcom ever on cable - has been shot in Atlanta. Richard Peters, Lemuel Grant, and John Mims built a three-story flour mill, which was used as a pistol factory during the Civil War. And although they were required to address whites by the title "sir," blacks rarely received the same courtesy themselves. In 1988, the line was extended to a station inside the airport terminal. Atlanta is one of ten U.S. cities classified as an "alpha-world city" by a 2010 study at Loughborough University, and ranks fourth in the number of Fortune 500 companies headquartered within city boundaries, behind New York City, Houston, and Dallas. Future, 21 Savage and Duct Tape Entertainment’s CEO Big Bank Black found a way to beat the heat and give back to their Atlanta community in one fell swoop. Competition between working-class whites and black for jobs and housing gave rise to fears and tensions. The black actors were barred from attending the premiere, from appearing in the souvenir program, and from all the film's advertising in the South. Lumpkin asked them to name it after his young daughter (Martha Atalanta Lumpkin) instead, and Terminus became Marthasville;[16] it was officially incorporated on December 23, 1843. Well-known television shows set in Atlanta include, from Tyler Perry Studios, House of Payne and Tyler Perry's Meet the Browns, The Real Housewives of Atlanta, the CBS sitcom Designing Women, and numerous HGTV original productions. The mill was destroyed by the Union Army in 1864. (After the Civil War, the Georgia General Assembly decided to move the state capital from Milledgeville to Atlanta.)[10]:370. Atlanta has a growing hi-tech community[10] ", US Census figures for black population in Metro Atlanta outside City of Atlanta and DeKalb County - 2000: 572,379. Resulting desegregation occurred in stages over the 1960s.

Between 1845 and 1854, rail lines arrived from four different directions, and the rapidly growing town quickly became the rail hub for the entire Southern United States. The federal courts opened the Democratic Party primary to black voters, who surged in numbers and became increasingly well organized through the Atlanta Negro Voters League.

A 1968 referendum to fund MARTA failed, but in 1971, Fulton and DeKalb Counties passed a 1% sales tax increase to pay for operations, while Clayton and Gwinnett counties overwhelmingly rejected the tax in referendum, fearing the introduction of crime and "undesirable elements". Unincorporated DeKalb County is also home to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Atlanta native Wayne Williams, also black and 23 years old at the time of the last murder, was convicted of two of the murders and sent to prison for life. He left the area in 1833 to farm in Paulding County.[8]. [59], In 1962, Atlanta in general and its arts community in particular were shaken by the deaths of 106 people on Air France charter flight 007, which crashed. "The Impact of Increased diversity on the Residential Landscape of a Sunbelt Metropolis: Racial and Ethnic Segregation Across the Atlanta Metropolitan Region, 1990–2010. With Grady's support, the Confederate Soldiers' Home was built in 1889. This class now had room to expand inside the city limits. (See also: Film industry in Georgia) The Weather Channel, owned by a consortium of NBC Universal, Blackstone Group, and Bain Capital, has its offices in the Cumberland district northwest of downtown Atlanta. After a 1996 crackdown annual attendance dissipated and the event moved to other cities. The union depot was completed in 1853 on State Square. By the early 20th century, "Sweet" Auburn Avenue was called "the most prosperous Negro street in the nation". In 1868, Atlanta became the Georgia state capital, taking over from Milledgeville. Downtown Atlanta became less and less a shopping destination for the area's shoppers. In 1838, Henry Irby started a tavern and grocery at what became the intersection of Paces Ferry and Roswell Roads. [20] The railroad was the chief stimulus to the town's growth, with several lines being added.[21]. Reserve", "Wachovia to put headquarters of card subsidiary in Atlanta", "Top 10 High-Tech Companies to Work for in Atlanta", "Plans for the 2009 BIO International Convention in Atlanta, Georgia", "Supplier to build at Kia site in West Point", "SEC Info - Hyco International, Inc. - IPO: 'S-1' on 5/12/06". In 2018 they handed out free school supplies at a local park, where they also included games and food for everyone. Starting in 1871, horse-drawn, and later, starting in 1888, electric streetcars fueled real estate development and the city's expansion. [27], Source: Metro Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, 2016.[28]. Act 109 of the Georgia General Assembly enacted the name change, which was approved December 26, 1845,[18] and signed into law 3 days afterward. In 1842, the planned terminus location was moved, four blocks southeast (two to three blocks southeast of Five Points), to what would become State Square, on Wall Street between Central Avenue and Pryor Street. Clark Gable angrily threatened to boycott the premiere, but McDaniel convinced him to attend, anyway. In 1895, the Cotton States and International Exposition was held at what is now Piedmont Park. Cox Enterprises, Inc. [13] As the settlement grew, it became known as Terminus, literally meaning "end of the line". The opposition lasted three decades, with then-governor Jimmy Carter playing a key role in stopping I-485 through Morningside and Virginia Highland to Inman Park in 1973, but pushing hard in the 1980s for a "Presidential Parkway" between downtown, the new Carter Center, and Druid Hills/Emory. The town then began to boom. Sign up to receive The Atlanta Black Star Newsletter in your inbox. The airport, since its construction in the 1950s, has served as a key engine of Atlanta's economic growth. This drew attention from the national media and from presidential candidate John F. Kennedy. In 1848, the town elected its first mayor and appointed its first town marshal, German M. Lester,[22] coinciding with the first homicide and the first jail built. [48], In the late 1950s, after forced-housing patterns[clarification needed] were outlawed, violence, intimidation, and organized political pressure were used in some white neighborhoods to discourage blacks from buying homes there. In 1952, Atlanta annexed Buckhead as well as vast areas of what are now northwest, southwest, and south Atlanta, adding 82 square miles (210 km 2) and tripling its area. The first major mall built in Atlanta was Lenox Square in Buckhead, opening in August 1959. "William Finch of Atlanta: The Black Politician as Civic Leader," in Howard N. Rabinowitz, ed. Fulton Bag and Cotton Mills and Oakland Cemetery were also damaged. As of 2006 Atlanta Metropolitan Area ranks as the 10th largest cybercity (high-tech center) in the US, with 126,700 high-tech jobs. In the 1890s, West End became the suburb of choice for the city's elite, but Inman Park, planned as a harmonious whole, soon overtook it in prestige. He was prohibited by term limits from running for a third term. Over 75% of the Fortune 1000 companies have a presence in the Atlanta area, and the region hosts offices of about 1,250 multinational corporations. From 2000 to 2010, the city of Atlanta's black population shrunk by 31,678 people, dropping from 61.4% to 54.0% of the population. In 2009 the Atlanta Public Schools cheating scandal began, which ABC News called the "worst in the country",[82] resulting in the 2013 indictment of superintendent Beverly Hall. In 1906, print media fueled these tensions with hearsay about alleged sexual assaults on white women by black men, triggering the Atlanta Race Riot, which left at least 27 people dead[38] (25 of them black) and over 70 injured.[39]. The first Georgia Railroad freight and passenger trains from Augusta (to the east of Atlanta), arrived in September 1845 and in that year the first hotel, the Atlanta Hotel, was opened. [52], In the wake of the landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education, which helped usher in the Civil Rights Movement, racial tensions in Atlanta erupted in acts of violence. The fort was soon renamed Fort Peachtree. [citation needed] He continued and expanded Maynard Jackson's programs for including minority and female-owned businesses in all city contracts. As a fifth generation daughter of Atlanta, the opportunity to lead our beloved city is a testament that Atlanta remains a place where impossible dreams are able to take form. (33°45.141′N 84°23.317′W / 33.752350°N 84.388617°W / 33.752350; -84.388617 (Zero milepost marker)). Washington Street south of downtown and Peachtree Street north of the central business district became wealthy residential areas. The premiere was held at Loew's Grand Theatre, at Peachtree and Forsyth Streets, current site of the Georgia-Pacific building.

Turner Broadcasting is a division of WarnerMedia. Atlanta hosted the 1988 Democratic National Convention during Young's tenure. John C. Portman, Jr. designed and opened what is now the AmericasMart merchandise mart in 1958; the Sheraton Atlanta, the city's first convention hotel, was built in the 1960s; the Atlanta Hilton opened in 1971; as did two Portman-designed hotels: the Peachtree Plaza Hotel now owned by Westin in 1976, and the Marriott in 1985. From 1867 until 1888, U.S. Army soldiers occupied McPherson Barracks (later renamed Fort McPherson) in southwest Atlanta to ensure Reconstruction-era reforms. A short north–south line opened in 1981, which by 1984 had been extended to reach from Brookhaven to Lakewood/Fort McPherson. Reaches Agreement to Acquire Public Minority Stake in Cox Communications, Inc. "Atlanta is the 10th most popular city for TV and film production in the world", "Atlanta Emerges as a Black Entertainment Mecca", "Buried Alive Film Fest - Atlanta Independent Horror Film Festival", "Zombie Apocalypse? The Five Points downtown hub opened later that year. [67] Construction began on the new rail system in 1975, and service commenced on June 30, 1979, running east–west from Georgia State University downtown to Avondale.

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